Effect of stimulated warming on phyllosphere antibiotic resistance genes of Schima superba
LIN Xiao-ru1, LI Zi-xin1, SUN An-qi1, JIN Sheng-sheng1, XU Chao-die1, CHEN Shi-dong1,2, LIU Xiao-fei1,2, SHEN Ju-pei1
1. State Key Laboratory for Subtropical Mountain Ecology of the Ministry of Science and Technology and Fujian Province, School of Geographical Sciences/School of Carbon Neutrality Future Technology, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou 350007, China; 2. Fujian Sanming Forest Ecosystem National Observation and Research Station, Sanming 365002, China
Abstract：To understand the effect of warming on the distribution and seasonal dynamics of antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) in the phyllosphere, we conducted a study involving collection of foliar samples from natural forest leaves during summer, autumn and winter from two treatments: control and warming (+4℃). The numbers and relative abundance of ARGs in the phyllosphere were determined by high-throughput quantitative PCR. Results showed that a total of 255 ARGs and 10 MGEs were detected in all phyllosphere samples, among which multidrug resistance was the dominant gene type in the phyllosphere, accounting for 47.4% of the total. The antibiotic efflux pump was the main resistance mechanism. ANOVA analysis and principal coordinate analysis showed that season significantly influenced the distribution of phyllosphere ARGs. The relative abundance of phyllosphere ARGs in autumn and winter was (0.614 ± 0.303)copies/16S rRNA and (0.589 ± 0.218)copies/16S rRNA, respectively, which was higher than that in summer ((0.291 ± 0.101)copies/16S rRNA), and the diversity of ARGs in autumn and winter was also higher than that in summer. We found that the relative abundance of seven ARGs(aadA2-03, acrA-02, emrD, matA/mel, tetB-01, tetM-01, tetL-02) decreased significantly (P<0.05), while the relative abundance of the acrA-01 gene increased significantly (P<0.05) in the warming treatment. Redundancy analysis and structural equation modeling showed that seasonality was the main factor driving the composition of phyllosphere ARGs via mediating soil physicochemical properties, while warming had no significant effect.
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