广州市2022年臭氧污染特征与成因分析

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摘要选取2022年O₃及其前体物观测数据、气象观测数据和ERA5再分析数据,结合基于观测的模型(OBM)和后向轨迹模型,分析了2022年广州市O₃污染特征,识别了O₃生成控制区及关键敏感型物种,并从O₃前体物排放、气象条件和区域传输3个方面开展了O₃污染成因分析.结果表明:广州市O₃生成以VOCs控制和NO_x-VOCs协同控制为主,现阶段VOCs和NO_x减排比例应不低于1:1;O₃生成对含氧VOCs最为敏感,其次是植物源VOCs(BVOCs)、烯烃、芳香烃和烷烃;2022年广州市O₃前体物NO_x和VOCs浓度同比下降14.7%和30.4%,但副高强盛、台风外围环流影响频繁叠加强辐射、高温、低湿等不利气象条件和区域传输抵消了广州市本地前体物减排的成效,造成O₃浓度上升,其中典型O₃污染过程(2022年9月16~22日)气流轨迹由西北、西南方向气团转变为东和东南方向气团,易受到来自周边城市区域传输影响.建议下一步持续推动NO_x减排,促进O₃对NO_x敏感性向正敏感性的转变,同时积极构建区域联防联控机制,降低区域传输贡献.

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	黄继章
	高健
	余美芳
	高锐
	裴成磊
	杨素霞
	张金谱
	宋伟
	李磊
	李银松
	郭昊
	叶子铭

关键词 ：广州市, 臭氧污染, 基于观测的模型(OBM), 前体物, 气象条件, 区域传输

Abstract：In this study, observational data of O₃ and its precursors, meteorological observations, and ERA5reanalysis data for 2022 were selected to analyze the characteristics of O₃ pollution in Guangzhou. Utilizing both Observation-Based Modeling (OBM) and backward trajectory models, we identified O₃ generation sensitivity control zones and key sensitive species, and conducted an analysis of O₃ pollution causes from three aspects: O₃ precursor emissions, meteorological conditions, and regional transport. The results indicate that: O₃ generation in Guangzhou is primarily controlled by volatile organic compounds (VOCs) and NO_x-VOCs synergy, with the current VOCs to NO_x emission reduction ratio not being less than 1:1. O₃ generation is most sensitive to oxygen-containing VOCs, followed by biogenic VOCs (BVOCs), alkenes, aromatics, and alkanes. Despite a 14.7% decrease in NO_x and a 30.4% decrease in VOC concentrations in 2022, the effectiveness of local emission reduction in Guangzhou was offset by adverse meteorological conditions such as the strong subtropical high, frequent influences of peripheral circulation from typhoons, and unfavorable meteorological conditions such as enhanced radiation, high temperature, and low humidity, along with regional transport, leading to an increase in O₃ concentrations. During typical O₃ pollution events (September 16~22, 2022), airflow trajectories shifted from northwest and southwest directions to east and southeast directions, making it susceptible to regional transport from surrounding urban areas. Recommendations for future actions include continued efforts to reduce NO_x emissions, promoting a shift in O₃ sensitivity from NO_x-sensitive to NO_x-insensitive, and actively building regional joint prevention and control mechanisms to reduce regional transport contributions.

Key words： Guangzhou ozone pollution Observation Based Model (OBM) precursor meteorological conditions regional transmission

收稿日期: 2023-10-07

PACS:

X511

基金资助:广州市大气预警防控技术支撑(2022年第76号)

通讯作者: 高健,研究员,gaojian@craes.org.cn E-mail: gaojian@craes.org.cn

作者简介: 黄继章(1983-),男,广东梅县人,高级工程师,硕士,研究方向为大气环境、大气复合污染成因与防治.发表论文10余篇.158606524@qq.com.

引用本文:

黄继章, 高健, 余美芳, 高锐, 裴成磊, 杨素霞, 张金谱, 宋伟, 李磊, 李银松, 郭昊, 叶子铭. 广州市2022年臭氧污染特征与成因分析[J]. 中国环境科学, 2024, 44(6): 3100-3110. HUANG Ji-zhang, GAO Jian, YU Mei-fang, GAO Rui, PEI Cheng-lei, YANG Su-xia, ZHANG Jin-pu, SONG Wei, LI lei, LI Yin-song, GUO Hao, YE Zi-ming. Analysis of characteristics and cause of ozone pollution in Guangzhou in 2022. CHINA ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCECE, 2024, 44(6): 3100-3110.

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http://www.zghjkx.com.cn/CN/ 或 http://www.zghjkx.com.cn/CN/Y2024/V44/I6/3100

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