西北太平洋台风路径对汕头市秋季臭氧污染的影响

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摘要利用2015~2022年西北太平洋热带气旋资料、汕头市国控站点污染物和气象数据、从美国国家环境预报中心(NCEP)获取的全球资料同化系统(GDAS)数据,分析了西北太平洋台风特征及其对汕头市秋季臭氧污染的影响.结果表明:2015~2022年西北太平洋共发生234次台风,夏季台风数量最多,为106次,秋季次之,春冬季较少.利用K均值聚类方法将台风分为W型(西行登陆缅甸老挝型)、L型(西北而上登陆我国型)、C型(我国南海、东海周边消亡型)、ET型(生成后先西北后东北转向型)四类.C、ET型台风期间臭氧浓度最高,气象方面均表现为气温上升,相对湿度下降,太阳辐射增强,且均为静风或小风状态,利于臭氧生成和累积;L型台风期间臭氧浓度显著低于其他类型天,为清洁天,气象方面表现为气温上升、相对湿度升高、太阳辐射偏低,且风速较大,利于臭氧扩散稀释.4类台风污染期间臭氧浓度峰值均出现在15:00-17:00,臭氧区域传输贡献显著,72h气团主要来自东北陆上,O₃潜在源区主要为汕尾、惠州、浙江省和福建省.典型台风案例分析结果表明,台风影响时段相比非台风影响时段有着更好的臭氧光化学生成条件(高温度、低相对湿度、强辐射)和更差的扩散条件,台风“梅花”期间污染的区域传输作用显著,臭氧浓度会出现“峰值滞后”现象,我国产生了一条从安徽至江西、粤东的污染传输通道.过程分析结果表明,台风影响时段臭氧源贡献以化学过程为主(41.2%),水平传输(30.3%)和垂直传输(28.4%)次之.

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	张宇烽
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	王伯光
	张成亮

关键词 ：台风, 臭氧污染, 汕头市, 气象要素

Abstract：In this study, the characteristics of typhoons in the Northwest Pacific Ocean and their effects on autumn ozone pollution in Shantou were analyzed using tropical cyclone data from 2015 to 2022, along with pollutant and meteorological data from the National control station in Shantou, and Global Data Assimilation System (GDAS) data obtained from the National Center for Environmental Prediction (NCEP). The results show that: A total of 234 typhoons occurred in the Northwest Pacific Ocean during this period. with the highest occurrence in summer(106), followed by autumn, and fewer in spring and winter. Through the application of the K-means clustering method, the typhoons were categorized into four types: W (westward landfall in Myanmar and Laos), L (northwest landfall in China), C (dissipation near the South China Sea and East China Sea), and ET (northwest and northeast turn after formation). Ozone concentration were found to be highest during C-type and ET-type typhoons, accompanied by rising temperatures, decreasing relative humidity, and increased solar radiation. Additionally, conditions of calm or light winds were conducive to ozone generation and accumulation. Conversely, ozone concentrations during L-type typhoons were significantly lower, marking these as clean air days. In such cases, meteorological conditions were characterized by rising temperatures, increased relative humidity, low solar radiation, and strong winds, facilitating ozone dispersion and dilution. The peak in ozone concentration during typhoon-affected days occurred between 15:00 and 17:00, with regional ozone transport playing a significant role. Air mass analysis over 72 hours indicated that the primary sources of ozone were located in Shanwei, Huizhou, Zhejiang, and Fujian provinces, with the air mass predominantly arriving from the northeast. Analysis of typical typhoon cases revealed that, compared to non-typhoon periods, photochemical ozone formation was more favourable during typhoon-affected periods due to higher temperatures, lower relative humidity, and stronger solar radiation. The regional transport effect of pollution during Typhoon "Meimei" is significant, and the ozone concentration will show a phenomenon of "peak lag". China has produced a pollution transmission channel from Anhui to Jiangxi and east Guangdong. The results of process analysis showed that the main ozone source contribution during typhoon period was chemical process (41.2%), followed by horizontal transmission (30.3%) and vertical transmission (28.4%).

Key words： Typhoon ozone pollution Shantou City meteorological element

收稿日期: 2024-05-02

PACS:

X511

基金资助:国家自然科学基金资助项目(42107110);广东省科技创新战略专项(STKJ202209058)

通讯作者: 张成亮,副教授,clzhang@jnu.edu.cn E-mail: clzhang@jnu.edu.cn

作者简介: 张宇烽(1976-),男,广东汕头人,高级工程师,学士,主要从事大气和水环境监测研究.发表论文12篇.84180104@qq.com.

引用本文:

张宇烽, 杨俊俊, 陈婷婷, 万涛, 蔡璜, 张丽莉, 王伯光, 张成亮. 西北太平洋台风路径对汕头市秋季臭氧污染的影响[J]. 中国环境科学, 2024, 44(12): 6538-6548. ZHANG Yu-feng, YANG Jun-jun, CHEN Ting-ting, WAN Tao, CAI Huang, ZHANG Li-li, WANG Bo-guang, ZHANG Cheng-liang. Influence of typhoon track in northwest Pacific on ozone pollution in autumn in Shantou City. CHINA ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCECE, 2024, 44(12): 6538-6548.

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http://www.zghjkx.com.cn/CN/ 或 http://www.zghjkx.com.cn/CN/Y2024/V44/I12/6538

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