珠三角西部一次冬季臭氧污染过程分析

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摘要利用地面气象和空气质量观测资料、高空气象观测资料以及再分析数据,对2021年12月8~12日位于珠三角西部的中山市的O₃污染过程的特点及成因进行分析.结果表明,该次过程为近年来罕见的冬季O₃连续污染过程,期间O₃平均峰值浓度是当月非污染日的2.3倍.污染期间受副热带高压和地面大陆高压脊控制,中山市气温、日照和相对湿度偏高,风速偏小,日间风向以北风为主,近地面的下沉气流、逆温层和日间相对湿度下降对O₃污染起到增幅作用.污染过程存在明显的外来污染物输送现象,污染潜在源区主要位于中山市东北方向.在前体物积累阶段,大量的NO₂从上游地区流入中山市,为O₃污染的出现提供了充足的前体物.污染期间NO₂在有利的太阳辐射条件下,光解速率比当月非污染日平均偏高23%,导致日间O₃浓度快速上升,并在较差的扩散条件下形成污染.

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	麦健华
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关键词 ：臭氧污染, 气象条件, 输送通量, 光解速率

Abstract：Using surface meteorological and air quality observational data, the vertical sounding meteorological data and the reanalysis data, the characteristics and cause of an ozone pollution process in Zhongshan City, located in the western part of Pearl River Delta from December 8 to 12, 2021 were analyzed. The results showed that this process was a rare winter continuous O₃ pollution process in recent years, during which the average O₃ peak concentration in pollution days was 2.3 times higher than that of non-pollution days of the month. Under the control of subtropical high and the surface cold high ridge during the pollution days, the temperature, sunshine hour and humidity in Zhongshan were relatively high, while the wind speed was relatively low, and the daytime wind direction was dominated by north wind. The downdraft, the inversion layer and the descending relative humidity in the daytime near surface enhanced the ozone pollution. There was a clear phenomenon of external pollutant transport during the pollution process, and the potential sources areas of pollution were mainly located in the northeast direction of Zhongshan. A large amount of NO₂ flowed into Zhongshan from upstream areas during the accumulation stage of precursors, providing sufficient precursors for the occurrence of O₃ pollution. During the pollution days, under favorable solar radiation conditions, the average photolysis rate of NO₂ was 23% higher than that of non-pollution days of that month, leading to a rapid increase in daytime O₃ concentration and the formation of pollution under poor diffusion conditions.

Key words： ozone pollution meteorological conditions transport flux photolysis rate

收稿日期: 2023-04-03

PACS:

X511

基金资助:广东省重点领域研发计划项目(2020B1111360003);国家自然科学基金资助面上项目(42275123);广东省气象局科技创新团队计划项目(GRMCTD202003);中山市气象局科学技术研究项目(JKT201913)

通讯作者: 邓雪娇,研究员,dxj@gd121.cn E-mail: dxj@gd121.cn

作者简介: 麦健华(1985-),男,广东中山人,高级工程师,硕士,主要从事环境气象研究工作.发表论文10余篇.maigua@163.com.

引用本文:

麦健华, 于玲玲, 邓雪娇, 欧洪辉, 余欣洋. 珠三角西部一次冬季臭氧污染过程分析[J]. 中国环境科学, 2023, 43(12): 6235-6245. MAI Jian-hua, YU Ling-ling, DENG Xue-jiao, OU Hong-hui, YU Xin-yang. Analysis of a winter ozone pollution process in the western Pearl River Delta. CHINA ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCECE, 2023, 43(12): 6235-6245.

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http://www.zghjkx.com.cn/CN/ 或 http://www.zghjkx.com.cn/CN/Y2023/V43/I12/6235

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