典型大气环流对天津市大气PM<sub>2.5</sub>与O<sub>3</sub>复合污染的影响特征

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摘要为探究海陆风环流对沿海城市PM_2.5和O₃污染的影响特征，基于2016~2020年中国环境监测总站的污染物观测数据和同期气象资料以及ERA5气象再分析数据，分析了海陆风环流特征对天津市区域大气污染物PM_2.5和O₃浓度变化的影响.结果表明：2016~2020年天津共有海陆风日411d，6~9月出现最为频繁，12月频率最低.海陆风环流的季节特征差异造成了对PM_2.5和O₃的影响不同，冬季陆风环流会使PM_2.5在沿海区域积累，海风环流对沿海地区PM_2.5污染有稀释作用.夏季海陆风环流会改变沿海地区O₃分布情况，使O₃谷值更低且峰值更高，市区点、郊区点和沿海点O₃峰值浓度分别高于平均峰值4.1， 8.9， 16.0μg/m³，海陆风对峰值的影响程度随着站点与海岸线距离的增长逐渐减弱.2016~2020年间共有PM_2.5和O₃复合污染日94d，17次出现海陆风环流.海陆风型复合污染日中陆风环流将PM_2.5由中心城区传输至沿海，海风环流清洁海风对PM_2.5有清除作用.陆风环流时O₃光化学净消耗速率较高，海风环流时光化学净生成O₃时间更久，使O₃峰值出现时间延后，浓度提高.环流对O₃和PM_2.5的不同作用降低了PM_2.5和O₃复合污染的频率，海陆风对沿海地区污染物的输送和再分配使得区域污染成因更加复杂.

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	许雅姿
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	毛洪钧

关键词 ：海陆风环流, PM_2.5, O₃, 复合污染, 分布特征

Abstract：To investigate the impact of sea-land breezes on PM_2.5 and O₃ pollution in coastal cities, the observation pollution and meteorological data of China National Environmental Monitoring Centre and ERA5 hourly data from 2016 to 2020 were analyzed to elucidate the influence of sea-land breezes circulation characteristics on PM_2.5 and O₃ levels in the coastal areas of Tianjin. The results showed there were 411sea-l and breezes days between 2016 and 2020, the sea-land breezes circulation frequently occurred from April to September, with the lowest frequency in December. The variation in seasonal characteristics of sea-land breezes circulation led to different impacts on PM_2.5 and O₃ levels. Land breeze circulation leads to PM_2.5 accumulation in coastal areas, and sea breeze circulation has a certain diffusion effect on PM_2.5 in winter. Sea-land breezes circulation change the distribution of O₃ in coastal areas, resulting in reduced valley values and increased daytime peaks of O₃ The peak concentration of O₃ in urban, suburban, and coastal locations were 4.1,8.9,16.0μg/m³ higher than the average peak value. The influence on peak value decreases as the distance from the coastline increases. A total of 94days of PM_2.5 and O₃ combined pollution from 2016 to 2020, and sea-land breezes occurred during 17 of these days. On PM_2.5 and O₃ combined pollution days with sea-land breezes, land breeze circulation transmitted PM_2.5 from the central urban area to the coast, while the sea breeze exhibited a scavenging effect on PM_2.5. The photochemical net decomposition rate of O₃ during land breeze circulation was higher than those days without sea-land breezes, while the photochemical net generation time of O₃ was longer during the sea breeze circulation. The effects of sea-land breezes circulation on O₃ and PM_2.5 reduced the frequency of PM_2.5 and O₃ composite pollution. Sea-land breezes' transport and redistribution of PM_2.5 and O₃ to coastal areas have a complex impact on regional pollution.

Key words： sea-land breezes PM_2.5 O₃ combined pollution distribution characteristics

收稿日期: 2023-03-06

PACS:

X51

基金资助:国家重点研发计划（2022YFC3703600，2022YFE0135000）；天津市科技支撑计划项目（20YFZCSN01000）

通讯作者: 吴琳,副研究员,wulin@nankai.edu.cn E-mail: wulin@nankai.edu.cn

作者简介: 许雅姿(1999-),女,河北邢台人,南开大学硕士研究生,主要方向为大气臭氧和颗粒物特征研究.xyzhebei@163.com.

引用本文:

许雅姿, 杨亦成, 刘永吉, 孟鹏, 孙乃秀, 吴琳, 毛洪钧. 典型大气环流对天津市大气PM_2.5与O₃复合污染的影响特征[J]. 中国环境科学, 2023, 43(10): 5078-5087. XU Ya-zi, YANG Yi-cheng, LIU Yong-ji, MENG Peng, SUN Nai-xiu, WU Lin, MAO Hong-jun. Impact characteristics of typical atmospheric circulation on the combined pollution of PM_2.5 and O₃ in Tianjin. CHINA ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCECE, 2023, 43(10): 5078-5087.

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