鄱阳湖大型底栖动物时空演变特征及驱动因素

邹亮华; 邹伟; 张庆吉; 李颖; 龚志军; 张艳杰; 鲁顺保; 蔡永久

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中国环境科学 ›› 2021, Vol. 41 ›› Issue (6) : 2881-2892.

环境生态

鄱阳湖大型底栖动物时空演变特征及驱动因素

邹亮华^1,2, 邹伟², 张庆吉^2,3, 李颖^2,4, 龚志军², 张艳杰¹, 鲁顺保¹, 蔡永久²

作者信息 +

Characteristics and driving factors of spatiotemporal succession of macrozoobenthos in Poyang Lake

ZOU Liang-hua^1,2, ZOU Wei², ZHANG Qing-ji^2,3, LI Ying^2,4, GONG Zhi-jun², ZHANG Yan-jie¹, LU Shun-bao¹, CAI Yong-jiu²

Author information +

文章历史 +

摘要

于2019年7月对鄱阳湖133个样点大型底栖动物进行调查，分析其群落结构与环境因子之间的关系.结果表明，共记录底栖动物48种，隶属7纲16目22科38属，全湖底栖动物的平均密度和生物量分别为158.38ind/m²和173.76g/m²，现阶段优势种主要为河蚬、铜锈环棱螺和大沼螺.将全湖分为5个湖区：北部湖区、西北部湖区、中部湖区、东部湖区和南部湖区，单因素方差分析表明不同湖区水体理化指标差异显著（ANOVA，p<0.05），沉积物环境指标差异不显著.相似性分析结果表明不同湖区底栖动物群落结构差异性显著，北部湖区生物多样性显著高于其它湖区.典范对应分析表明水深、溶解氧、浊度、总磷、叶绿素a、烧失量和底质类型与底栖动物群落结构显著相关.与历史研究相比，鄱阳湖底栖动物多样性下降明显，优势种由大型软体动物逐渐演变成小型软体动物和昆虫类.鄱阳湖采砂、水文情势变化和水生植被衰退是影响鄱阳湖大型底栖动物群落结构演替的主要环境因素.

Abstract

Macrozoobenthos community and environmental variables were investigated at 133 sites in Poyang Lake in July 2019. The relationships between macrozoobenthic community structure and environmental factors were examined. A total of 48 species belonging to 7 classes, 16 orders, 22 families and 38 genera were recorded. The average density and biomass of macrozoobenthos were 158.38 ind/m² and 173.76g/m², respectively, mainly dominated by Corbicula fluminea,Parafossarulus eximius and Bellamya aeruginosa. In terms of spatial patterns, the whole lake was divided into five areas, including northern, northwest, central, eastern and southern lake areas. One-way ANOVA analysis detected significant differences of physicochemical variables among the five lake areas, while no significant differences in sediment parameters. The community structure of benthic animals among the five lake areas also varied significantly as indicated by one-way analysis of similarity (ANOSIM). Regarding to biodiversity indexes, significantly higher values in northern lake were found than those in other lake areas. Canonical correspondence analyses (CCA) showed that water depth, dissolved oxygen, turbidity, total phosphorus, chlorophyll a, loss on ignition, and sediment type were significantly related to the community structure of macrozoobenthos. In the long term, the biodiversity of macrozoobenthos in Poyang Lake has declined significantly compared with those in their historical condition, with the dominated species changed from large molluscs to small molluscs and insects. Sand mining, changes in hydrological conditions and decline of aquatic vegetation were the main environmental factors regulating the spatiotemporal succession of the macrozoobenthic community structure in Poyang Lake.

导出引用

邹亮华, 邹伟, 张庆吉, 李颖, 龚志军, 张艳杰, 鲁顺保, 蔡永久. 鄱阳湖大型底栖动物时空演变特征及驱动因素[J]. 中国环境科学. 2021, 41(6): 2881-2892

ZOU Liang-hua, ZOU Wei, ZHANG Qing-ji, LI Ying, GONG Zhi-jun, ZHANG Yan-jie, LU Shun-bao, CAI Yong-jiu. Characteristics and driving factors of spatiotemporal succession of macrozoobenthos in Poyang Lake[J]. China Environmental Science. 2021, 41(6): 2881-2892

中图分类号： X171

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