Progresses on characteristics and reduction technologies of drugs and related drug-resistant contamination in urine
XU Guo-tao1, ZHOU Xiao-qin1,2, LI Zi-fu1, ZHAO Mei-juan1
1. School of Energy and Environmental Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China; 2. Key Laboratory of Urban Water Supply, Water Saving, and Water Environment Governance in the Yangtze River Delta of Ministry of Water Resources, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
Abstract：The source-separation aims to separate and utilize urine from domestic wastewater, and therefore to promote a sustainable circle between "human-soil-plant-human". However, pharmaceuticals, antibiotic-resistant bacteria and antibiotic-resistant genes in urine will be acculumated along with the circulation, and finally retrun back to human body, leading to potential health risks. This paper summarized pharmaceuticals and antimicrobial resistance contamination in source-separated urine, and it was found that 34 drugs have been detected in urine, with an average concentration ranging from 0.07 to 2.7×103μg/L and the detection frequencies ranging from 0.7% to 100%. Meanwhile, 12 antibiotic-resistant genes were also detected in urine. Natural storage, adsorption, membrane separation, electrochemical, and biological methods were the main techniques for such pollutant emlimation. Among them, the electrochemical process was the most effective approach for reducing antibiotic-resistant genes in urine, enabling the removal of up to 4.18 log, taking blaKPC as an example. However, it is indeed to enhance the service life of electrodes and reduce energy consumption when they are used for field application, and creating reasonable electrode materials may be a challenge. Furthermore, most of the treatment processes were at a laboratory scale, and future research should be focused on optimization of exiting technologirs or developing integrated technologies for antimicrobial resistance control.
徐国韬, 周晓琴, 李子富, 赵美娟. 尿液中药物与耐药污染及削减技术研究进展[J]. 中国环境科学, 2024, 44(2): 1122-1133.
XU Guo-tao, ZHOU Xiao-qin, LI Zi-fu, ZHAO Mei-juan. Progresses on characteristics and reduction technologies of drugs and related drug-resistant contamination in urine. CHINA ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCECE, 2024, 44(2): 1122-1133.
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