Abstract：We conducted high-resolution model simulations in urban areas, to investigate the important effects of urbanization on urban thermal environment. The WRF/UCM model was used to quantify the effect of past urbanization on urban thermal environment at monthly timescale for Hangzhou city, Zhejiang province, China. We also conducted sensitivity simulations to investigate the potential effects of urbanization on urban thermal environment under an idealized scenario in which urban area is tripled. In these simulations, different land use/land cover classification data were used. Simulation results show that urbanization during 2010~2017 doubles urban area at Hangzhou, leading to a 91% increase in the area with urban heat island (UHI) intensity levels stronger than "none" (Ht>0.5℃), and a rise of 0.4℃ in 2-m air temperature in the main urban area in August. If urban area is tripled from year 2017 level, the area that UHI intensity levels stronger than "none" would increase by 157%, and for 1846.4km2 of the central urban area, UHI intensity levels could be elevated from "weak" or "none" (Ht≤1.5℃) to "medium" (1.5
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