有机废水中硫酸盐和氨的厌氧转化机制研究

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摘要采用逐步提升进水n(NH₄⁺-N)/n(SO₄^2-)比的方式,在厌氧有机条件下(ORP=(-334.3±18.2) mV, DO=(0.10±0.5) mg/L)在上流式厌氧污泥床(UASB)反应器中实现了硫酸盐还原-氨氧化(SRAO),研究了不同COD对氮硫脱除性能的影响,通过对SRAO反应产物、不同阶段运行结果的分析并结合微生物菌群变化规律探讨了其转化机制.结果表明,SRAO反应是SO₄^2-将NH₄⁺-N氧化为NO₂^--N并生成S积累在污泥相,中间产物NO₂^--N被自养/异养反硝化菌还原,一部分SO₄^2-被硫酸盐还原菌(SRB)还原为S^2-,各微生物之间协同代谢实现了系统内氮硫的同步去除.提高进水N/S比可以使NH₄⁺-N更多的转化为NO₂^--N被反硝化菌利用,但当N/S比提升至4时,硫自养反硝化作用强烈会影响SO₄^2-的脱除,反应器内硫自养反硝化菌属(Thiobacillus)的丰度在这一阶段增加了3.36%.在不含有机物的无机条件下,未发生NH₄⁺-N与SO₄^2-的同步去除.提高进水COD至150mg/L,促进了SRAO反应与反硝化作用的耦合,提高了系统的脱氮除硫性能,反应器内SRB菌属(Desulfococcus、Desulfatiglans)和多种反硝化菌属(Methyloversatilis、Longilinea、Simplicispira、Bdellovibrio、Azospira等)的总丰度分别增加了1.584%和6.081%.当COD=250mg/L时,硫酸盐还原反应增强产生较多S^2-则会抑制SRAO反应活性,影响系统内NH₄⁺-N的脱除.

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	任红丽
	袁林江
	陈希

关键词 ：脱氮除硫, 硫酸盐还原, 反硝化, 硫自养反硝化

Abstract：By gradually increasing the influent n(NH₄⁺-N)/n(SO₄^2-) ratio, sulfate reduction-ammonia oxidation (SRAO) was achieved in an up-flow anaerobic sludge blanket (UASB) reator under anaerobic organic conditions (ORP=(-334.3±18.2) mV, DO=(0.10±0.5) mg/L). The effects of different COD on the removel performance of nitrogen and sulfur were studied. The transformation mechanism was discussed by analyzing the SRAO products, the operation results of different stages and the variation of microbal flora. The results showed that the SRAO was that SO₄^2- oxidized NH₄⁺-N to NO₂^--N and generated S to accumulate in the sludge phase. The intermediate product NO₂^--N was reduced by autotrophic/heterotrophic denitrifying bacteria, and part of SO₄^2- was reduced to S^2- by sulfate reducing bacteria (SRB). Synergistic metabolism among microorganisms achieved simultaneous removal of nitrogen and sulfur in the system. Increasing the influent N/S ratio can make more NH₄⁺-N converted to NO₂^--N to be utilized by denitrifying bacteria, but when the N/S ratio was increased to 4, the sulfur autotrophic denitrification strongly affected the removal of SO₄^2-, and the abundance of Thiobacillus in the reactor increased by 3.36% at this stage. The simultaneous removal of NH₄⁺-N and SO₄^2- did not occur under inorganic conditions without organic matter. Increasing the influent COD concentration to 150mg/L promoted the coupling of SRAO and denitrification, and improved the nitrogen and sulfur removal performance of the system. The total abundance of SRB (Desulfococcus, Desulfatiglans) and various denitrifying bacteria (Methyloversatilis, Longilinea, Simplicispira, Bdellovibrio, Azospira, etc.) in the reactor increased by 1.584% and 6.081%, respectively. When COD=250mg/L, the enhanced sulfated reduction reaction produced more S^2-, which inhibited the SRAO activity and affected the removal of NH₄⁺-N in the system.

Key words： nitrogen and sulfur removal sulfate reduction denitrification sulfur autotrophic denitrification

收稿日期: 2023-01-17

PACS:

X703

基金资助:国家自然科学基金资助项目(51878538)

通讯作者: 袁林江,教授,yuanlinjiang@xauat.edu.cn E-mail: yuanlinjiang@xauat.edu.cn

作者简介: 任红丽(1998-),女,陕西西安人,西安建筑科技大学硕士研究生,主要从事城市污水处理理论与技术研究.rhl@xauat.edu.cn

引用本文:

任红丽, 袁林江, 陈希. 有机废水中硫酸盐和氨的厌氧转化机制研究[J]. 中国环境科学, 2023, 43(8): 3926-3934. REN Hong-li, YUAN Lin-jiang, CHEN Xi. Study on anaerobic conversion mechanism of sulfate and ammonia in organic wastewater. CHINA ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCECE, 2023, 43(8): 3926-3934.

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