基于资料修复的内河船舶动态排放特性研究——以重庆水域为例

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摘要面对内河船舶排放清单研究中存在的船舶静态参数和运行轨迹缺失问题,提出基于极致梯度提升(eXtreme Gradient Boosting)算法的船舶静态参数修复方法和基于航道轨迹的长距离轨迹修复方法,并基于修复资料计算了重庆市长江水域的船舶排放清单,并揭示船舶排放的时空特征.研究结果表明,本文提出的方法在内河船舶资料修复方面表现优异,主机额定功率修复R²=0.963,设计航速的修复R²=0.871.同时在轨迹修复上提升了轨迹的完整性并将修复时间大幅度降低,为船舶排放研究提供了资料支撑.而船舶排放结果表明,重庆市内河船舶排放的污染物总排放量为1869.01t,各污染物中NO_x的排放占比最高(81.8%),水域内的污染来源主要是干散货船和客船.不同行驶工况下的污染排放顺序为:巡航>停泊>机动操作.客船的排放特征与其它船型不同,客船的排放峰值集中在夜晚,其它船型在白天达到排放峰值.不同船舶的空间排放特征不同,集装箱船和危险品船只在长江干线上产生排放,而客船高排值集中在客流交汇处的客运码头.

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关键词 ：内河船舶, XGBoost, 资料修复, 排放清单, 时空特征

Abstract：As the emission inventories of inland ships usually do not consider the static parameters and trajectories of ships, this paper corrects the ship static parameters based on the XGboost algorithm and improves the long-distance trajectory data using channel trajectories. Then the emission inventories of ships in Yangtze River in Chongqing are calculated based on the repaired data, and the spatio-temporal characteristics of ship emissions are analyzed. Research results show that the proposed method performs excellently in data restoration of inland ships, with R²=0.963 for the main engine rated power restoration, and R²=0.871 for the design speed restoration. Moreover, the full trajectory is incorporated and the repairing time is greatly reduced, which provides data support for ship emission calculation. The results further show that the total emissions of pollutants from inland river ships in Chongqing are 1869.01 tons, in which NO_x emissions accounting for the highest proportion of all pollutants. The main sources of pollutions in the water area are dry bulk ships and passenger ships. The order of emissions under different driving conditions is as follows: cruising>parking>maneuvering. The emission characteristics of passenger ships are different from those of other ship types. The peak of passenger ships emissions occurs at night, while other types of ships reach their emission peaks during the day. The spatial emission characteristics of different ships are different. Container ships and dangerous goods ships generate emissions on the main line of the Yangtze River, while passenger ships have high emissions concentrated in passenger terminals.

Key words： inland ships XGBoost data repair emission inventory spatio-temporal characteristics

收稿日期: 2023-01-29

PACS:

X511

基金资助:国家自然科学基金资助项目(41975165)

通讯作者: 刘永红,教授,liuyh3@mail.sysu.edu.cn E-mail: liuyh3@mail.sysu.edu.cn

作者简介: 刘奎(1998-),男,江西宜春人,中山大学硕士研究生,主要从事大气环境与大气污染方面研究.发表1篇论文.liuk59@mail2.sysu.edu.cn

引用本文:

刘奎, 张雪婷, 姚达文, 杨鑫茹, 刘永红. 基于资料修复的内河船舶动态排放特性研究——以重庆水域为例[J]. 中国环境科学, 2023, 43(9): 4478-4489. LIU Kui, ZHANG Xue-ting, YAO Da-wen, YANG Xin-ru, LIU Yong-hong. Research on dynamic discharge characteristics of inland river vessels based on data restoration-An example in Chongqing. CHINA ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCECE, 2023, 43(9): 4478-4489.

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http://www.zghjkx.com.cn/CN/ 或 http://www.zghjkx.com.cn/CN/Y2023/V43/I9/4478

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