天山冰川退缩区土壤汞分布特征及累积

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摘要本文以新疆天山乌鲁木齐河源一号冰川退缩区为研究区域,通过²¹⁰Pb_ex、¹³⁷Cs放射性同位素测年和侵蚀性堆积地貌判定退缩区的年代演替序列,并据此设置了系列采样点,对土壤进行分层采样,测定样品总汞浓度等指标,计算各年代退缩区的汞累积速率,探究乌鲁木齐河源一号冰川退缩区土壤中汞的分布特征及其累积过程.结果表明:冰川退缩区土壤汞含量和汞储量随着退缩时间增长呈现出增加的趋势,各层土壤汞的平均含量由大到小依次为:0~5cm[(13.28±6.60)µg/kg]>5~10cm[(11.47±7.34) µg/kg]>10~15cm[(10.19±6.57) µg/kg]>基岩[(0.23±0.09) µg/kg];冰川退缩区植被生长促进了土壤汞的富集,退缩区内土壤汞浓度与土壤有机碳、氮含量呈显著正相关,而且由于植被生物量很小,退缩区土壤中汞的累积速率也较低(0.09~33.43µg/(m²×a),平均值为16.92µg/(m²×a));近250a来(1777年以来),天山一号冰川退缩区土壤汞累积速率呈加速增加趋势,由1777年的0.09µg/(m²×a)增加至2017年的33.43µg/(m²×a),这意味着自工业革命以来大气汞含量及沉积量在不断增加.

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	彭诗雅
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关键词 ：天山冰川退缩区, 土壤汞分布, 大气Hg⁰沉降, 汞累积速率

Abstract：This study investigated the retreated area of Urumqi Glacier No.1in the Tianshan Mountains and its chronological succession sequence was determined using ²¹⁰Pb_ex and ¹³⁷Cs radioactive isotope dating and erosive accumulation landforms. Based on this, a network of sampling points was created to stratify the soil, measure the total mercury concentration and other indicators of the sample, and calculate the mercury accumulation rate. The aim of this study was to investigate the distribution and accumulation of mercury in the soil of the retreated area of Urumqi Glacier No.1in the Tianshan Mountains. The results show that the mercury content of different soil layers in the glacier retreated area increased with the increase in its retreated time, specifically 0~5cm [(13.28 ± 6.60) µg/kg] >5~10cm [(11.47 ± 7.34) µg/kg] >10~15cm [(10.19 ± 6.57) µg/kg] > bedrock [(0.23 ± 0.09) µg/kg]. Soil mercury storage increased with retreatment time. Furthermore, there was a positive correlation between mercury concentration and organic carbon/nitrogen content at different soil levels within the retreated area, indicating that they have a significant impact on the spatial distribution of soil mercury. The soil in the retreated area of Tianshan No.1Glacier accumulated less mercury (0.09~33.43µg/(m²×a), with an average value of 16.92 µg/(m²×a). Mercury levels in soil increased from (0.09µg/(m²×a) in 1777 to (33.43µg/(m²×a) in 2017.

Key words： Tianshan glacier retreated area soil mercury distribution atmospheric Hg⁰ deposition mercury accumulation rate

收稿日期: 2023-08-01

PACS:

X53

基金资助:国家自然科学基金面上项目(4197070484)

作者简介: 彭诗雅(1998-),女,广东佛山人,新疆大学生态与环境学院硕士研究生,研究方向为植物生态学.582902365@qq.com.

引用本文:

彭诗雅, 刘楠涛, 李鑫, 王训, 常顺利. 天山冰川退缩区土壤汞分布特征及累积[J]. 中国环境科学, 2024, 44(3): 1397-1406. PENG Shi-ya, LIU Nan-tao, LI Xin, WANG Xun, CHANG Shun-li. Distribution characteristics and accumulation of soil mercury in the retreated area of Tianshan Glacier. CHINA ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCECE, 2024, 44(3): 1397-1406.

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http://www.zghjkx.com.cn/CN/ 或 http://www.zghjkx.com.cn/CN/Y2024/V44/I3/1397

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