氯代烃污染深层土壤细菌群落结构及组装机制

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摘要为研究氯代烃污染土壤中细菌群落结构特征和组装机制，在某氯代烃污染场地不同污染区域采集2~10m范围内非饱和带土壤，基于高通量测序技术分析了细菌群落结构，揭示了群落结构变化的主要驱动因子、环境影响因子及组装机制.结果表明：轻污染区细菌群落结构变化的主要驱动因子是土壤类型，β多样性主要受物种替换影响，贡献度为53.9%，群落组成与水溶性硫酸盐（R=0.61，P=0.0002）和总有机碳含量（R=0.42，P=0.0005）显著相关；重污染区细菌群落结构变化的主要驱动因子是污染程度，β多样性主要受丰富度差异影响，贡献度为52.9%，群落组成与三氯乙烯（R=0.17，P=0.0425）、三氯甲烷（R=0.22，P=0.0375）、水溶性硫酸盐（R=0.36，P=0.0074）、总有机碳（R=0.29，P=0.0168）、全氮（R=0.20，P=0.0130）含量显著相关.氯代烃胁迫降低了大多数物种的生态位宽度和生态位重叠指数，但适应性物种除外，最终导致变形菌门（Proteobacteria）的丰度增加，放线菌门（Actinobacteriota）、厚壁菌门（Firmicutes）和绿弯菌门（Chloroflexi）丰度出现降低.在污染物浓度较低时，菌群组装以随机性过程为主，贡献度为65.6%，污染物较高时，随机性过程下降为27.7%，组装由确定性过程主导.

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	樊艳玲
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	王红旗
	刘增俊
	许贺峰
	杨硕
	梁竞

关键词 ：深层土壤, 细菌群落, 结构特征, 组装机制

Abstract：To study the structural characteristics and assembly mechanism of bacterial community in chlorinated hydrocarbons contaminated soil, unsaturated-zone soil within 2~10m was collected from different contaminated areas. Based on high-throughput sequencing technology, the bacterial community was analyzed and the main drivers, environmental influencing factors and assembly mechanism of the community structure changes were revealed. The results showed that the main driver of bacterial community structure change in the lightly polluted area was soil type. The β-diversity mainly influenced by species replacement with a contribution of 53.9%, and community composition significantly correlated with water-soluble sulfate(R=0.61, P=0.0002) and total organic carbon content(R=0.42, P=0.0005). Furthermore, the main driver of bacterial community structure change in the heavily polluted area was the degree of pollution. The β-diversity mainly influenced by the differences in abundance with a contribution of 52.9%, community composition was significantly correlated with trichloroethylene(R=0.17, P=0.0425), chloroform (R=0.22, P=0.0375), water-soluble sulfate (R=0.36, P=0.0074), total organic carbon (R=0.29, P=0.0168), and total nitrogen content (R=0.20, P=0.0130). Chlorinated hydrocarbons stress narrowed the niche width and reduced the niche overlap index of most species except adaptive ones, and led to an increase in the abundance of Proteobacteria, while that of Actinobacteriota, Firmicutes, and Chloroflexi decreased. In the soil with low pollutant concentration, the bacterial community assembly was dominated by random process, with a contribution of 65.6%. In the soil with high pollutant concentration, the random process decreased to 27.7%, and the assembly was dominated by deterministic process.

Key words： deep soil bacterial community structural characteristics assembly mechanism

收稿日期: 2023-02-24

PACS:

X53

基金资助:北京市生态环境保护学科研究院基金项目（Y2020-003）

通讯作者: 王红旗,教授,ambar@bnu.edu.cn;刘增俊,副研究员,lzengj@126.com E-mail: ambar@bnu.edu.cn;lzengj@126.com

作者简介: 樊艳玲(1984-),女,山东淄博人,高级工程师,北京师范大学博士研究生,主要从事污染土壤与地下水修复治理研究.发表论文20余篇.flylinger@163.com.

引用本文:

樊艳玲, 苟雅玲, 王红旗, 刘增俊, 许贺峰, 杨硕, 梁竞. 氯代烃污染深层土壤细菌群落结构及组装机制[J]. 中国环境科学, 2023, 43(10): 5550-5561. FAN Yan-ling, GOU Ya-ling, WANG Hong-qi, LIU Zeng-jun, XU He-feng, YANG Shuo, LIANG Jing. Structure and assembly mechanism of bacterial communities in deep soil contaminated by chlorinated hydrocarbons. CHINA ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCECE, 2023, 43(10): 5550-5561.

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